Gunpowder is reinvented?

 Reading this study (-> link ) it comes to mind that gunpowder has been reinvented. When the reprocessed Yakut LNBA samples now show a similarity of 100% with Nganasans, 10% with Finns, 2% with Estonians and 0% with Hungarians, one can only say that these proportions match perfectly with, for example, the results of Haak et al. 2015. The only new thing here is the assumption that the Nganasan-type North Siberian genetic type originated in Yakutia in the Late Neolithic period.

The study connects this genetic type to the Seima-Turbino phenomenon. Seima-Turbino was a Bronze Age cultural phenomenon that spread from east to west across present-day Russia. Seima-Turbino has been assumed to be associated with the westward spread of Uralic languages, but is this phenomenon also related to the Late Neolithic or Early Bronze Age settlement of Yakutia in the  Eastnorth Asia and is it possible to tie straightforwardly 4000 years old minor genetic remains to the present?  I would appreciate to see YDNA results of those ancient Yakutians. Did they belong to N-P43 or to N-TAT.  Did Seima-Turbino burials belong to N-P43 or N-TAT? I prefer YDNA in  searching back thousands years.  Nowadays Yakutian N belongs mostly to the TAT and 3.8% to the P43, but present Yakutians are Turkic speaking "newcomers" in Yakutia.  I would guess that those Late Neolithic Yakuts belonged to the P43, while all present-day Finnish N, as well all Baltic N, belong to the TAT.  Ngansasans belong to the P43. 

If it is now stated that the new samples fully correspond to the Nganasan genetics in terms of the interesting genetics, then it has been proven that the North Siberian genetic type has migrated westward in the northern tundra zone and the same genetic type has been observed as part of almost all the peoples of the northern coniferous forest zone of Europe from present-day Russia to Scandinavia, but it has not been found in the most southerly Hungarians. In my opinion, it would be worth studying the genetics of the more southern Finno-Ugric peoples, such as the Mordvins and Erzyas.

The original study is unfortunately behind the paywall, so the link is to a press article.  It would have been nice to see also detailed results, but the price was too much this time. 

New Finnish samples from the late Iron Age and Finnish historic times

I found 49 ancient Finnish samples in ENA (European Nucleotide Archive) and downloaded them to my computer. The samples are from Häme, Pirkanmaa, and are almost 1000 years old or younger. My intention is not to analyze them because, with the exception of a couple, they look like modern Finns and based on this I would only conclude that they are Finns and that Finns lived in Finland already 1000 years ago.  It is known history.   Too much work compared to benefits. 

New study: Mothers on the move – thousands of complete mitochondrial sequences reveal the layered formation of the common maternal genepool of Finland and Estonia.

Here my summary of the study (-> link ).

Shared mtDna:

• The study found that a substantial portion of mtDNA sequences (around 40% in Finland and 15% in Estonia) belong to monophyletic clusters shared between the two countries, indicating a long-standing genetic connection.
•  Temporal and Concurrent Structure:

  These shared lineages are not randomly distributed but show a temporal structure, with different layers corresponding to different periods, from the Late Neolithic to the Middle Ages.
• Migration Patterns:

  The research associates some of these mtDNA lineages with the movement of people, as evidenced by archaeological findings and studies on Y-chromosome and ancient DNA.
• Languages:

  The study also notes an increase in the maternal effective population size during the Iron Age, coinciding with the diversification time of Finnic languages, suggesting a link between language and genetic history.
• Homogeneity Notion:

  Unlike the general perception of a relatively homogenous European mitochondrial genepool, this study reveals a geographic pattern in mtDNA distribution, particularly when considering related populations like Finland and Estonia.
• Limited Shared Lineages with Sweden:

  Despite geographic proximity and historical Swedish settlements, only a small percentage of mtDNA sequences in both Finland and Estonia form common clusters with Sweden (8% in Finland and only 2% in Estonia), indicating a more significant genetic contribution from other sources.