Salme pre-Vikings, more analysis

 According to my previous post, the pre-Vikings killed and buried with their boats on the west coast of Estonia, in Salme, in 750AD were Swedes. Now there was a lot of controversy on the forum about this and the view was put forward that they were Estonian Vikings. It is true that the ancient inhabitants of Saaremaa, like the Vikings, were involved in piracy and taxed the inhabitants of nearby regions on their raids. They even went as far as Denmark on their raids. But this is not enough evidence for the ethnicity of the victims of the boat burial. According to a more logical explanation, it was the locals who killed the Swedish settlers. In the previous post, I stated that they were Swedes of autosomali heritage.

 Now I will bring additional evidence in the form of YDNA. Haplogroup distribution of the deceased: 19 belonged to group I, 7 to group N and 6 to group R, however, 6 of those belonging to group N belonged to the L550 mutation, which is known to occur in Sweden, although it is also common in the Baltics. It has been shown to have also belonged to the Ruriks mentioned in Russian heroic tales. The accuracy of one N result did not reach the same level.

 All ydna results are raw data produced by my software. The results are reliable at the haplogroup level, but ensuring an accurate downstream result requires manual verification. It is not necessary in this context.

Goths, pre-Vikings and ancient Finns

 Archaeologically, ancient finds from eastern Poland that were considered Goths turn out to be Swedish.   Link to the study.  The origin of the Goths has long been debated, and their Scandinavian origin has been suspected. It is possible that the Goth groups that advanced further south were multinational, but even in the area of ​​present-day Poland they seem to have been mainly Scandinavian, which can be concluded, together with the original surviving written evidence, that they came from Scandinavia, if the Polish area was not already inhabited by them.

The second group I tested is the pre-Viking samples found in western Estonia. They also fit oon the PCA picture with the Swedes.

The third group is the approximately 1000-

year-old and younger samples from Häme, Finland. They are, as one might expect, completely similar to modern Finns. As a comparison group of Finns, I took 20 of the 99 1000-genomes samples, the most western samples. It is well known that there is a large dispersion in the eastern ancestry of Finns; in the east it can be 10-15% and in the westernmost provinces 2-5%. Even those who have the least eastern ancestry in the analyses are mainly Finnish speakers.

I try to use Human Origin samples as much as possible to avoid problems due to data gaps, which may be significant in PC analyses. Unfortunately, the HO samples are missing, among others, Germans, Swedes and Poles, which had to be circumvented somehow. For this reason, I projected these modern nationalities in the same way as the ancient samples.

Update:  there was a couple high resolution German samples, which were not projected, thus the header two times on the plot.